Gender-Neutral Alternatives to “Dear Sir or Madam”

In today’s increasingly inclusive world, using gender-neutral language is not just a matter of political correctness but also a demonstration of respect and professionalism. The traditional salutation “Dear Sir or Madam” can be exclusionary and outdated, especially when the recipient’s gender is unknown or non-binary.

Understanding and implementing effective alternatives is crucial for clear, respectful, and modern communication. This article provides a comprehensive guide to gender-neutral salutations, offering a variety of options suitable for different contexts.

Whether you’re a student, professional, or simply looking to improve your communication skills, this guide will equip you with the knowledge and tools to craft inclusive and respectful correspondence.

Table of Contents

Definition of Gender-Neutral Salutations

A gender-neutral salutation is a greeting used in formal or informal communication that avoids assumptions or references to the recipient’s gender. It is designed to be inclusive and respectful, particularly when the recipient’s gender is unknown, uncertain, or when addressing a diverse group of people.

The purpose of using gender-neutral salutations is to ensure that no one feels excluded or misidentified due to outdated or presumptuous language. These alternatives aim to create a welcoming and professional environment in all forms of written communication.

Gender-neutral salutations differ from traditional salutations like “Dear Sir” or “Dear Madam” by consciously omitting any gender-specific terms. This shift reflects a broader movement towards inclusivity and recognition of diverse gender identities.

Using these salutations demonstrates awareness and sensitivity, contributing to a more equitable and respectful communication landscape. In many professional contexts, adopting gender-neutral language is becoming a standard practice.

Structural Breakdown of Salutations

A typical salutation generally consists of a greeting word followed by the recipient’s name or title, and often concluded with a comma. The greeting word establishes the tone of the communication (e.g., “Dear,” “Hello,” “Greetings”).

The recipient’s name or title personalizes the greeting and shows respect. The comma acts as a formal separator between the salutation and the body of the message.

Understanding this structure is essential for crafting effective and appropriate gender-neutral salutations.

When creating gender-neutral salutations, the key is to replace gendered terms with neutral alternatives. For example, instead of “Dear Mr.

Smith,” you might use “Dear Alex Smith.” Instead of “Dear Sir or Madam,” you could use “To Whom It May Concern” or “Dear Hiring Manager.” The structure remains the same, but the language is adapted to avoid gender assumptions. The choice of greeting word (e.g., “Dear,” “Hello,” “Greetings”) can also influence the overall tone, so it’s important to select one that aligns with the context and purpose of the communication.

Types and Categories of Gender-Neutral Salutations

There are several categories of gender-neutral salutations, each suited for different situations and levels of formality. These categories include generic salutations, role-based salutations, name-based salutations (when the recipient’s name is known), department-based salutations, and address-based salutations (used when you are addressing a group or organization).

Understanding these categories will enable you to choose the most appropriate salutation for any given situation, ensuring both clarity and respect.

Generic Salutations

Generic salutations are broad, non-specific greetings that are suitable when you do not know the recipient’s name, role, or gender. These are useful for general inquiries or when sending out mass communications.

While they may lack a personal touch, they are universally applicable and avoid any potential for misgendering.

Common examples of generic salutations include “To Whom It May Concern,” “Greetings,” and “Hello.” These options are straightforward and widely understood, making them a safe choice when you have limited information about the recipient. However, it’s generally preferable to use a more specific salutation if possible, as generic options can sometimes feel impersonal.

Role-Based Salutations

Role-based salutations address the recipient by their job title or function within an organization. This approach is particularly useful when you need to contact a specific department or individual but don’t know their name or gender.

It demonstrates that you’ve researched the organization and are directing your communication to the appropriate person.

Examples of role-based salutations include “Dear Hiring Manager,” “Dear Customer Service Representative,” and “Dear Admissions Officer.” These salutations are professional and direct, clearly indicating the purpose of your communication. When using a role-based salutation, ensure that the title is accurate and up-to-date to avoid any confusion or misdirection.

Name-Based Salutations

Name-based salutations are the most personalized option, as they directly address the recipient by their name. If you know the recipient’s full name but are unsure of their gender, using their full name without a title (Mr., Ms., etc.) is a respectful and inclusive approach.

This method is often preferred in modern professional communication.

For example, instead of “Dear Mr. Smith” or “Dear Ms.

Jones,” you can use “Dear Alex Smith” or “Dear Jordan Jones.” This simple change avoids any gender assumptions and creates a more welcoming tone. If you only know the recipient’s first name, “Dear [First Name]” is also an acceptable option, especially in less formal contexts.

However, it’s always best to use the full name if possible to maintain a level of professionalism.

Department-Based Salutations

Department-based salutations are suitable when you need to contact a specific department within an organization but don’t have a specific individual in mind. This approach is useful for general inquiries or when addressing a team collectively.

Examples include “Dear Sales Department,” “Dear Marketing Team,” or “Dear Human Resources.” This approach is particularly useful when you need to contact a specific department or team but don’t have the name of an individual. It is important to ensure that you are using the correct department name to avoid confusion.

Address-Based Salutations

Address-based salutations are used when addressing a group or organization as a whole. This approach is useful for mass communications or when sending out information to a large audience.

Examples include “Dear Team,” “Dear Colleagues,” or “Dear Valued Customers.” These salutations are inclusive and avoid any gender assumptions, making them suitable for a wide range of recipients. They are particularly useful when you don’t have specific names or roles to address.

Examples of Gender-Neutral Salutations

To illustrate the various types of gender-neutral salutations, here are several examples categorized by their application. These examples demonstrate how to effectively use gender-neutral language in different communication scenarios.

The following tables provide a comprehensive overview of gender-neutral salutations, categorized by type. Each table includes multiple examples to illustrate the versatility and adaptability of these greetings.

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Understanding these examples will help you choose the most appropriate salutation for any given situation, ensuring both clarity and respect.

Table 1: Generic Salutations

This table provides examples of generic salutations suitable for situations where the recipient’s name, role, or gender is unknown. These options are broad and universally applicable, making them a safe choice when you have limited information.

# Gender-Neutral Salutation Context
1 To Whom It May Concern Formal inquiries, general applications
2 Greetings General announcements, informal inquiries
3 Hello Informal correspondence, initial contact
4 Good day Formal correspondence, neutral tone
5 Dear Reader Blog posts, newsletters, articles
6 Hello there Friendly, informal communication
7 Hi Very informal, use with caution
8 Attention: [Department/Role] Directing to a specific area
9 Good Morning/Afternoon/Evening Time-specific greeting
10 Welcome Greeting new members or subscribers
11 Salutations Formal, less common
12 To the relevant party Formal, when unsure of specific role
13 All Addressing a group directly
14 Hi everyone Informal group communication
15 Notice Formal announcement
16 Esteemed colleagues Formal, respectful
17 Dear applicant Responding to applications
18 To the occupants Addressing a household
19 To the residents Addressing a community
20 Important notice Urgent communication
21 Open to all Inclusive invitation
22 Dear friend Personal, informal
23 Good tidings Festive greeting
24 Warmest regards Friendly, respectful
25 To whom it pertains Formal, when relevance is key

Table 2: Role-Based Salutations

This table provides examples of role-based salutations that address the recipient by their job title or function. These options are professional and direct, clearly indicating the purpose of your communication.

# Gender-Neutral Salutation Context
1 Dear Hiring Manager Job applications, recruitment inquiries
2 Dear Customer Service Representative Customer support requests, complaints
3 Dear Admissions Officer University applications, enrollment inquiries
4 Dear Technical Support Team Technical assistance requests
5 Dear Project Manager Project-related communications
6 Dear Marketing Department Marketing inquiries, collaborations
7 Dear Sales Team Sales inquiries, partnership proposals
8 Dear Editor Submitting articles, editorial inquiries
9 Dear Human Resources HR-related inquiries, employee concerns
10 Dear IT Department IT-related issues, system support
11 Dear [Specific Role] When you know the exact role
12 Dear Investigator Formal, investigative matters
13 Dear Supervisor Directing to a superior
14 Dear Facilitator Addressing a group leader
15 Dear Coordinator Organizing tasks or events
16 Dear Analyst Seeking expert advice
17 Dear Consultant Professional guidance
18 Dear Representative Addressing an official
19 Dear Officer Formal, addressing authority
20 Dear Specialist Seeking specific expertise
21 Dear Recruiter Job-related communication
22 Dear Administrator Operational matters
23 Dear Instructor Academic-related queries
24 Dear Mediator Conflict resolution
25 Dear Planner Strategic initiatives

Table 3: Name-Based Salutations

This table provides examples of name-based salutations that directly address the recipient by their name. These options are personalized and respectful, especially when you know the recipient’s full name but are unsure of their gender.

# Gender-Neutral Salutation Context
1 Dear Alex Smith Professional correspondence, neutral tone
2 Dear Jordan Jones Informal business communication
3 Dear Casey Williams Friendly business communication
4 Dear Taylor Brown General business correspondence
5 Dear [First Name] Informal communication, use with caution
6 Hello Alex Smith Slightly less formal
7 Good day Alex Smith Formal, respectful
8 Hi Alex Very informal, only use if appropriate
9 Dear A. Smith If only initials are known
10 Greetings Alex Smith Formal, but friendly
11 Dear Jamie Informal, when close to the recipient
12 Hello Sam Friendly, semi-formal
13 Good morning/afternoon [Name] Time-specific, respectful
14 Dear Mx. Smith If the recipient has indicated their title
15 Hello Mx. Jones Respectful, using preferred title
16 Good day Mx. Brown Formal, with preferred title
17 Dear [Name] If the recipient is a known contact
18 Hello [Name] Semi-formal
19 Good to see you [Name] If replying to a direct message
20 Dear [Nickname] If it’s a known nickname
21 Hello [Nickname] Friendly, only if appropriate
22 Dear [Username] Online communication
23 Hello [Username] Semi-formal, online
24 Dear [Handle] Informal, online
25 Hello [Handle] Friendly, online

Table 4: Department-Based Salutations

This table provides examples of department-based salutations that address a specific department within an organization. These options are useful when you don’t have a specific individual in mind.

# Gender-Neutral Salutation Context
1 Dear Sales Department Sales inquiries, partnership proposals
2 Dear Marketing Team Marketing inquiries, collaborations
3 Dear Human Resources HR-related inquiries, employee concerns
4 Dear IT Department IT-related issues, system support
5 Dear Customer Service Customer support requests, complaints
6 Dear Accounting Department Financial inquiries, invoice issues
7 Dear Legal Department Legal inquiries, compliance questions
8 Dear Operations Team Operational issues, process improvements
9 Dear Research and Development Technical inquiries, innovation proposals
10 Dear Public Relations Media inquiries, press releases
11 Dear Support Team Assistance with products or services
12 Dear Editorial Board Submitting articles, editorial inquiries
13 Dear [Department Name] When the department is known
14 To the [Department Name] Formal, direct
15 Greetings [Department Name] Friendly, yet professional
16 Hello [Department Name] Semi-formal
17 Notice to [Department Name] Important announcements
18 All members of [Department Name] Addressing the entire group
19 Esteemed [Department Name] Formal, respectful
20 Dear members of [Department Name] Addressing the team
21 To the staff of [Department Name] Formal, addressing the personnel
22 To the attention of [Department Name] Directing to the department
23 Important to [Department Name] Highlighting relevance
24 Dear personnel of [Department Name] Formal, inclusive
25 To whomever in [Department Name] When unsure of specific contact

Table 5: Address-Based Salutations

This table provides examples of address-based salutations used when addressing a group or organization as a whole. These options are inclusive and avoid any gender assumptions.

# Gender-Neutral Salutation Context
1 Dear Team Internal communications, project updates
2 Dear Colleagues Professional announcements, internal memos
3 Dear Valued Customers Marketing emails, customer newsletters
4 Dear Stakeholders Investor relations, corporate communications
5 Dear Members Membership updates, organization announcements
6 Hello Everyone Informal group communications
7 Greetings All Formal group announcements
8 To All Concerned Important notifications, urgent messages
9 Dear Participants Event invitations, workshop announcements
10 Dear Community Community updates, local announcements
11 Dear Friends Informal, personal communications
12 To the Board Formal, addressing a leadership group
13 All Staff Direct, addressing the entire staff
14 Dear Subscribers Newsletter updates, content delivery
15 Dear Listeners Podcast introductions, audio messages
16 Dear Viewers Video content, streaming introductions
17 Dear Readers Blogs, articles, written content
18 Dear Followers Social media updates, community engagement
19 Dear Supporters Fundraising appeals, donations
20 To the entire group Inclusive, addressing everyone
21 Dear patrons Addressing frequent clients
22 To the audience Speaking to a large group
23 Dear constituents Political communication
24 Hello people Informal, friendly
25 Greetings people Friendly, but less formal

Usage Rules for Gender-Neutral Salutations

When using gender-neutral salutations, several rules and guidelines ensure that your communication remains respectful and effective. Firstly, always consider the context and audience.

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The level of formality should align with the nature of your communication and your relationship with the recipient. Secondly, if you know the recipient’s preferred pronouns or title, always use them.

This demonstrates respect and inclusivity. Thirdly, avoid making assumptions about gender based on names or appearances.

If unsure, opt for a gender-neutral salutation.

Additionally, consistency is key. If you’re using gender-neutral salutations in one communication, maintain that approach throughout the entire exchange.

Avoid switching back to gendered salutations unless you have explicit confirmation of the recipient’s preferred pronouns or title. Finally, be mindful of cultural differences.

While gender-neutral language is becoming increasingly common, some cultures may have different norms or expectations regarding formal communication. Research and adapt your approach accordingly to avoid unintentional offense.

Common Mistakes and How to Avoid Them

One common mistake is using gendered salutations when the recipient’s gender is unknown. For example, using “Dear Sir” when you’re unsure of the recipient’s gender is inappropriate.

To avoid this, opt for a gender-neutral alternative like “To Whom It May Concern” or “Dear Hiring Manager.” Another mistake is assuming someone’s gender based on their name. Names like “Alex” or “Jordan” can be gender-neutral, so it’s best to use the full name without a title (e.g., “Dear Alex Smith”).

Another frequent error is inconsistency in salutations. Starting with a gender-neutral salutation and then switching to a gendered one (or vice versa) can be confusing and disrespectful.

Maintain consistency throughout your communication. Additionally, using overly informal salutations in formal contexts can be perceived as unprofessional.

While “Hello” is generally acceptable, avoid using overly casual greetings like “Hey” in formal business correspondence. Always consider the context and audience when choosing a salutation.

The table below illustrates common mistakes in salutations and provides corrected examples to demonstrate the appropriate use of gender-neutral greetings.

Mistake Incorrect Example Corrected Example
Using a gendered salutation when gender is unknown Dear Sir To Whom It May Concern
Assuming gender based on name Dear Ms. Alex Smith Dear Alex Smith
Inconsistency in salutations Dear Sir, … (later) Dear [First Name] Dear [First Name] … (throughout)
Overly informal salutation in a formal context Hey [Last Name] Dear [Last Name]
Using outdated gendered salutations Dear Sir or Madam Dear Hiring Manager
Misspelling the recipient’s name Dear Jon Smith Dear John Smith
Using the wrong job title Dear Marketing Manager Dear Marketing Director
Addressing the wrong department Dear Sales Team Dear Customer Service Team
Using a first name when formality is required Dear John Dear Mr. Smith (if gender is known) or Dear John Smith
Omitting the salutation entirely (Starts directly with the body of the email) Dear [Recipient Name/Title/Department]

Practice Exercises

Test your understanding of gender-neutral salutations with these practice exercises. For each scenario, choose the most appropriate gender-neutral salutation from the options provided.

Exercise 1: Choosing the Right Salutation

For each of the following scenarios, select the most appropriate gender-neutral salutation from the options provided.

# Scenario Options Answer
1 You are applying for a job and don’t know the hiring manager’s name. a) Dear Sir or Madam b) Dear Hiring Manager c) Hello b) Dear Hiring Manager
2 You are writing a general inquiry to a company’s customer service department. a) To Whom It May Concern b) Dear Customer Service Representative c) Hello b) Dear Customer Service Representative
3 You know the recipient’s full name is Alex Johnson, but you’re unsure of their gender. a) Dear Mr. Johnson b) Dear Ms. Johnson c) Dear Alex Johnson c) Dear Alex Johnson
4 You are sending an email to all members of your project team. a) Dear Sirs b) Dear Madams c) Dear Team c) Dear Team
5 You are writing a formal letter to an unknown recipient in a government agency. a) Hello b) To Whom It May Concern c) Dear Official b) To Whom It May Concern
6 You are sending out a newsletter to your subscribers. a) Dear Readers b) Dear Subscribers c) Hello Everyone b) Dear Subscribers
7 You are addressing a group of colleagues in an internal memo. a) Dear Sirs and Madams b) Dear Colleagues c) Hi Guys b) Dear Colleagues
8 You are writing to the IT department regarding a technical issue. a) Dear IT Guy b) Dear IT Department c) Hello b) Dear IT Department
9 You are sending a formal invitation to potential investors. a) Dear Investors b) Dear Stakeholders c) Greetings b) Dear Stakeholders
10 You are writing to the editor of a journal to submit an article. a) Dear Editor b) To Whom It May Concern c) Greetings a) Dear Editor

Exercise 2: Correcting Gendered Salutations

Rewrite the following gendered salutations to be gender-neutral.

# Gendered Salutation Gender-Neutral Alternative
1 Dear Sir To Whom It May Concern
2 Dear Madam To Whom It May Concern
3 Dear Mr. Smith Dear John Smith
4 Dear Ms. Jones Dear Jane Jones
5 Dear Sir or Madam Dear Hiring Manager
6 Gentlemen Dear Team
7 Ladies Dear Team
8 Dear Sirs Dear Colleagues
9 Dear Madams Dear Colleagues
10 Dear Mr. or Ms. [Last Name] Dear [First Name] [Last Name]

Exercise 3: Applying Salutations in Context

Provide a suitable gender-neutral salutation for each of the following email scenarios. Briefly explain your choice.

# Scenario Gender-Neutral Salutation Explanation
1 You are sending a thank-you note to a conference speaker whose name you don’t know. Dear Speaker, Appropriate for addressing a speaker without knowing their name or gender.
2 You are writing to a university to request information about their programs. Dear Admissions Office, Directs the inquiry to the relevant department.
3 You are sending a complaint to a company and know the contact person is named Chris Miller. Dear Chris Miller, Uses the full name to avoid gender assumptions.
4 You are sending an email to all employees in your company about a new policy. Dear Employees, Inclusive and addresses everyone in the company.
5 You are a recruiter reaching out to a potential candidate whose gender is unknown. Dear [Candidate Name], Professional and avoids any assumptions about gender.
6 You are sending a survey to all customers to gather feedback. Dear Valued Customers, Inclusive and shows appreciation for the customers.
7 You are writing to a real estate company, but you do not know the name of the agent. Dear Real Estate Agent, Addresses the appropriate role without assuming gender.
8 You are sending a newsletter to all the members of an organization. Dear Members, Addresses all members without gender bias.
9 You are contacting the HR department of a company for an enquiry. Dear Human Resources, Directs the inquiry to the appropriate department.
10 You are writing to a tech support team for assistance. Dear Technical Support Team, Addresses the appropriate team without assuming gender.
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Advanced Topics: Nuances and Considerations

Beyond the basic rules and examples, there are several advanced topics and nuances to consider when using gender-neutral salutations. One such consideration is the use of gender-neutral titles like “Mx.” (pronounced “mix”).

This title is used by individuals who do not identify as either male or female or who prefer not to disclose their gender. If you know that someone uses “Mx.” it is respectful to use it in your communication.

However, it’s important to note that not everyone is familiar with this title, so it’s best to use it only when you are certain it is the recipient’s preference.

Another nuanced aspect is cultural sensitivity. While gender-neutral language is becoming more common in many Western countries, it may not be as widely accepted or understood in other cultures.

In some cases, using a traditional gendered salutation may be more appropriate or expected. Researching and understanding the cultural norms of your audience is crucial for effective and respectful communication.

Additionally, be aware of the evolving nature of gender identity and language. Terms and preferences may change over time, so it’s important to stay informed and adapt your approach accordingly.

When in doubt, it’s always best to err on the side of caution and use a gender-neutral salutation. If possible, consider reaching out to the recipient directly to ask about their preferred pronouns or title.

This shows a genuine commitment to inclusivity and respect.

Frequently Asked Questions

What if I accidentally use the wrong salutation?

If you accidentally use the wrong salutation, apologize promptly and respectfully. Correct your mistake and continue the communication using the appropriate gender-neutral salutation or the recipient’s preferred pronouns or title.

A simple apology like “I apologize for the error in my previous email. I will use your preferred salutation from now on” can go a long way in maintaining a positive relationship.

Is it always necessary to use a salutation?

While not always strictly necessary, using a salutation is generally considered good practice in formal communication. It sets a polite and respectful tone for the rest of your message.

In very informal contexts, such as quick emails to close colleagues, it may be acceptable to omit the salutation. However, in most professional situations, including a salutation is recommended.

What if I don’t know the recipient’s name or role?

If you don’t know the recipient’s name or role, use a generic gender-neutral salutation like “To Whom It May Concern” or “Greetings.” You can also try to research the organization to find a specific department or individual to contact. Using a more specific salutation is always preferable, as it shows that you have made an effort to direct your communication to the appropriate person.

How do I ask someone for their preferred pronouns?

Asking someone for their preferred pronouns can be done in a respectful and straightforward manner. You can include your own pronouns in your email signature and then ask the recipient for theirs.

For example, “My pronouns are she/her/hers. What are your preferred pronouns?” You can also ask directly in an email or conversation, “What pronouns do you use?” or “How would you like me to refer to you?”

Are gender-neutral salutations only important in professional settings?

No, gender-neutral salutations are important in all settings, including personal, social, and educational contexts. Using inclusive language demonstrates respect and inclusivity towards all individuals, regardless of their gender identity.

Adopting gender-neutral salutations in all forms of communication can help create a more welcoming and equitable environment for everyone.

Are there any situations where gendered salutations are still appropriate?

Yes, there are situations where gendered salutations are appropriate. If you know the recipient’s gender and they have expressed a preference for a specific gendered salutation (e.g., “Dear Mr.

Smith” or “Dear Ms. Jones”), it is respectful to use it.

However, if you are unsure of the recipient’s gender or have not received explicit confirmation of their preference, it is best to use a gender-neutral alternative.

How can I ensure my organization adopts gender-neutral language?

To ensure your organization adopts gender-neutral language, start by educating employees about the importance of inclusivity and the impact of language. Provide training sessions and resources on gender-neutral communication.

Update your company’s style guide to include guidelines on using gender-neutral language in all internal and external communications. Encourage employees to use gender-neutral salutations and pronouns in their email signatures and other forms of communication.

Lead by example and consistently use gender-neutral language in your own communications.

What if I receive pushback for using gender-neutral salutations?

If you receive pushback for using gender-neutral salutations, explain the reasons behind your choice in a respectful and informative manner. Emphasize the importance of inclusivity and the need to create a welcoming environment for everyone.

Provide examples of how gender-neutral language can avoid assumptions and misgendering. Be open to dialogue and address any concerns or misconceptions that may arise.

If necessary, refer to your organization’s policies on diversity and inclusion.

How do I handle addressing someone who uses neopronouns (e.g., ze/zir/zirs)?

Addressing someone who uses neopronouns requires the same respect and attention as using any other pronouns. If someone tells you their pronouns are ze/zir/zirs, make a conscious effort to use those pronouns when referring to them.

Practice using the pronouns in conversation to become more comfortable with them. If you make a mistake, apologize and correct yourself.

If you are unsure how to use neopronouns correctly, ask the person for clarification or consult online resources.

Can I use “To Whom It May Concern” in all situations?

While “To Whom It May Concern” is a versatile gender-neutral salutation, it is generally best suited for formal inquiries or when you have no information about the recipient. In situations where you can identify a specific role or department, using a more targeted salutation is preferable.

For example, “Dear Hiring Manager” or “Dear Customer Service Representative” are more specific and demonstrate that you have made an effort to direct your communication to the appropriate person.

Conclusion

Adopting gender-neutral salutations is an essential step towards creating a more inclusive and respectful communication environment. By understanding the different types of gender-neutral salutations, following usage rules, and avoiding common mistakes, you can ensure that your communication is both effective and considerate.

Remember to always consider the context and audience, and when in doubt, opt for a gender-neutral alternative. As language and societal norms continue to evolve, staying informed and adaptable is crucial for maintaining respectful and inclusive communication practices.

Embrace these changes and contribute to a more equitable and welcoming world, one salutation at a time.

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